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Year Course ID Course
2026-2027 GAME 471

Video Game Aesthetics

An advanced consideration of aesthetic theory relevant to video games. Students will investigate the unique expressive, creative and artistic aspects of video games, and will search for and critically the best works of this relatively young medium. Students will use case studies and advanced theories in Game Studies and other artistic disciplines in order to expand the students' capacity to make video games with artistic integrity.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): MCOM 312
2026-2027 GAME 490

Game Development Project III

An advanced project-based course in which teams of students will work together to create and release ambitious video games. Each student will contribute on the basis of their specialized training to this point in the program. This is the first course of a two-part project course that will run for two semesters during the students' last year. The course is the capstone of the Game Development program.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): GAME 391
2026-2027 GAME 491

Game Development Project III

An advanced project-based course in which teams of students will work together to create and release ambitious video games. Each student will contribute on the basis of their specialized training to this point in the program. This is the second course of a two-part project course that will run for two semesters during the students' last year. The course is the capstone of the Game Development program.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): GAME 490
2026-2027 GENV 109

Introduction to Physical Geology

An introduction to the materials and processes of the physical earth: rocks and minerals, earth structure and composition, plate tectonics, volcanology, seismology, crustal deformation, weathering and erosion, slope movement, sedimentation, wind and water processes, glaciation, and geologic time. Earth materials and processes are studied in the laboratory and in the field. This course is an environmental studies core requirement.

Course Credits: 3
Cross-listed: GEOL 109
2026-2027 GENV 111

Human Geography & Global Change

An introduction to human geography and the notion of globalization by exploring some of the major economic, political, social, cultural, environmental, and technological changes that have recently occurred at the global level and are shaping local places. The course is designed to provide students with better understanding of the variation, interaction, and interdependence of places, regions, people and their environments in a globalizing world; and to demonstrate how human geographers might consider and examine the concepts, forces, processes, issues, and ideas that are associated with global transformation.

Course Credits: 3
2026-2027 GENV 121

Introduction to Earth Systems Science

Through an investigation of the fundamental concepts of earth systems science from a geographic perspective, students will develop confidence in using the scientific method. Emphasis in the course is placed on understanding the origins and development of Earth's surface features; the characteristics and circulations of Earth's atmosphere, including weather systems and global climates; and introducing the biophysical principles governing vegetation distribution patterns on Earth. Lab exercises will provide students hands-on opportunities to further develop their scientific literacy as it relates to earth systems science and beyond. This course is primarily intended for non-science majors.

Course Credits: 3
2026-2027 GENV 131

Global Environment Issues

An investigation of the scientific principles behind environmental issues and practical inquiry-based approaches to environment concerns in our local and global communities. The course integrates theoretical knowledge about the environment with real-life activities in a multitude of settings outside of the classroom to help students learn about complex interactions between human populations and their environments; and to inspire critical thinking about environmental challenges for today and future generations.

Course Credits: 3
2026-2027 GENV 182

Digital Earth

Principles of spatial and digital literacy applied to the geographic context of our contemporary world. In this course, students will discover the importance of place, spatial data collection, assessment of spatial patterns and principles of scale. Students will gain an understanding of the nature of geospatial data, and explore geospatial technologies such as GPS, mobile maps, satellite data and GIS. Students will discover digital cartography principles and spatial analysis techniques. Students will learn about applications of citizen science, digital humanitarianism and responding to humanitarian needs and crises through geospatial technologies.

Course Credits: 3
2026-2027 GENV 212

Urbanization Issues of Developing Countries

This course explores urbanization processes in developing countries, particularly in urban settings across Africa, Asia, and Latin America. It provides a geographic perspective on the socio-economic, political, cultural, and environmental conditions under which cities of the Third World are rapidly growing and their relation to globalization issues. Case studies from selected areas examine such problems as unemployment, inadequate health services, housing shortages, and inadequate urban infrastructure.

Course Credits: 3
2026-2027 GENV 216

Plant Environments

An inventory of plant life across major habitats - particularly in the local area of British Columbia - this course provides insights into the ecology of these environments. Local field trips highlight natural habitats, agricultural and horticultural crops, and managed forests. Critical assessment of planetary stewardship forms a common theme.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): Instructor's consent
NB: Summer sessions only. Includes field work in the Gulf Islands. Not offered every year. See department chair.
Cross-listed: BIOL 216
2026-2027 GENV 220

Geology of the Vancouver Region

An overview of the fundamental earth science processes responsible for the creation, transformation, and ongoing physical development of the Pacific Northwest. These processes are studied in the context of the building of the North American continent through tectonic forces and surface dynamics. Topics include: geologic time, tectonics, volcanology, seismology, stratigraphy, glaciation, erosion, paleontology, paleoclimatology, and environmental issues. Field trips and field studies are included.

Course Credits: 3
Cross-listed: GEOL 220
2026-2027 GENV 224

Natural Disasters

Introduction to the geological causes and characteristics of natural hazards such as earthquakes, tsunamis, volcanoes, landslides, floods, weather-related events, and climate change. The focus will be on understanding how the natural hazards affect us in everyday life and how we can predict the hazard, prevent, or moderate the hazard to avoid a natural disaster.

Course Credits: 3
Cross-listed: GEOL 224
2026-2027 GENV 230

Geography of Canada

This course describes and explores Canada's physical and human geography focusing on the regional distribution of natural features and resources, population and settlements, economic activities and development, and cultural change. It emphasizes the diversity and interrelationships between the physical and human landscapes which have evolved over time, creating the identifiable regions and subregions within the country.

Course Credits: 3
2026-2027 GENV 231

Environmental Philosophy

An overview of the various perspectives put forward in the West on the proper human relationship to the environment. We will investigate the metaphysics behind the fact/value dichotomy, the currently influential views on the human-nature relationship, various environmental ethical frameworks, the distinctive characteristics of moral reasoning and argumentation as they bear on the human-nature relationship, and the religious, economic, socio-cultural, and ideological factors contributory to the rise of the ecological crisis. We conclude by critically interrogating the conceptual substructures of some popular contemporary environmental frameworks.

Course Credits: 3
2026-2027 GENV 262

Marine Biology

A study of the life history and distribution of marine organisms in several major habitat types, including soft sediment and rocky substrate communities. Emphasis is on field and laboratory work in a survey of common local marine plants and animals and their relationships. Includes field work in the Lower Mainland, Gulf Islands, and/or Vancouver Island.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): Instructor's consent
NB: Summer sessions only. Not offered every year. See department chair.
Cross-listed: BIOL 262
2026-2027 GENV 281

General Ecology

A study of the structure and dynamics of ecosystems. Consideration of plant and animal populations in relation to physical, chemical, and biological factors affecting their interaction and productivity. Considerable laboratory time is devoted to the study of local ecosystems, field sampling techniques, and field trips to ecological research areas.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): BIOL 103, 104, and 105; or BIOL 113 and 114; or equivalent
Cross-listed: BIOL 281
2026-2027 GENV 282

Geographic Information Systems

Students are invited into understanding and using quantitative and computational inquiry to understand and discern computer-based spatial analysis as a mode of inquiry. Students develop confidence in using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and accompanying computer- based, spatial analytical tools to model geographic problems using mathematical and computing notation. Students are provided with the opportunity to investigate the theory and practical utility of GIS through collecting empirical spatial data, analyzing quantitative data, conducting computational spatial analyses to answer meaningful geographic and environmental questions, making judgements based on quantitative information derived from these analyses, and communicating the results with purposeful, multi-audience cartographic products.

Course Credits: 3
2026-2027 GENV 312

Wilderness, Water & Global Warming: Canadian Environmental History

A thematic case study approach to Canadian Environmental History that highlights the nation's unique reciprocal relationships with nature as illustrated through ideas (Wilderness), material resources (Water) and social/ethical issues (Global Warming). Investigates how natural elements like climate, topography, plants, animals and diseases have influenced our choices about nature, and how cultural content, like clean/green energy initiatives, pipeline projects, save the whale campaigns, and fear of climate change, have shaped our perceptions of the places we inhabit. Critically engages the ethical decisions we make about the environment that may determine the future we wish to construct as Canadian and global citizens.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): 6 sem. hrs. of Geography & Environment including one of GENV 111, 212, 131, or 230 or instructor's consent
NB: Offered every other year.
Cross-listed: HIST 339
2026-2027 GENV 314

Science & Technology in Global Perspective

This course provides a survey of the history of science and technology from the ancient world to the present with particular emphasis on the early-modern and modern eras. While much of the focus is on developments in the Western world, this course also examines select issues and events in a comparative world perspective.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): 6 sem. hrs. of History or instructor’s consent
Cross-listed: HIST 312
2026-2027 GENV 316

Plant Ecology

The crucial role of plant ecology in shaping major habitats, including those in British Columbia, will be examined. A trip to Salt Spring Island will highlight the threatened Garry oak ecosystem and other features of interest. Field trips throughout the course will highlight the population dynamics and interrelationships of plant communities in natural habitats, agricultural crops and managed forests. Critical assessment of planetary stewardship will form a common theme across various issues in plant ecology.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): BIOL 103, 104, and 105; or BIOL 113, 114
NB: Summer sessions only. Offered every other year.
Cross-listed: BIOL 318
2026-2027 GENV 318

Tropical Botany

This course explores the botanical riches of the tropics, focusing on the plant life of Hawaii. The course traces fundamentals of plant taxonomy, physiology and ecology in relation to complexities of existence on the most isolated island chain in the world. Issues related to indigenous vegetation including effects of introduced animals and plants, agriculture and ethnobotany will be discussed. The course will involve one week of lectures at Trinity Western University Langley campus and two weeks of lectures and field work in the Hawaiian Islands.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): BIOL 103, 104, and 105; or BIOL 113, 114 and instructor's consent. Recommended: BIOL 216 or 312 or 314 or BIOL/GENV 316
NB: Offered every other year.
2026-2027 GENV 320

Geomorphology

A scientific examination of the physical processes which shape landform development, structure, and dynamics. Topics include: weathering, slope systems, fluvial and coastal environments, and glacial and periglacial systems. Special emphasis is placed on deciphering past events from current landscape structures. Field trips and field studies are required.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): 6 sem. hrs. of Geography & Environment including one of GENV 121, 131, 220, GEOL 109 or 220; or instructor's consent
NB: Offered every other year.
Cross-listed: GEOL 320
2026-2027 GENV 321

Geography of Soils

A scientific investigation of the various aspects of soil as a natural resource. Topics include: physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of soils applied in the context of soil formation, soil classification and land use, agriculture, and environmental engineering. Soil mapping and spatial distribution of soils is also considered. Field trips and field studies are required.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): 6 sem. hrs. of Geography & Environment including one of GENV 121, 131, 220, GEOL 109 or 220; or instructor's consent
NB: Offered every other year.
Cross-listed: GEOL 321
2026-2027 GENV 322

Global Climate Change

Students will investigate what are the scientific principles and processes which govern natural and human-induced climate change. Students will gather evidence drawing on the latest research and evolving pattern of scientific data that has emerged on climate in recent years. Employing scientific data, students will then be invited to analyze the severity of climate change impacts on a myriad of living and nonliving systems such as arctic sea-ice, freshwater, terrestrial and marine ecosystems; as well as analyzing the socio- economic changes and adaptations that human communities are making in response to Earth's changing climate.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): 6 sem. hrs. of Geography & Environment including one of GENV 121, 131, 220, GEOL 109 or 220; or instructor's consent
NB: Offered every other year.
2026-2027 GENV 331

Environmental Philosophy

Explores the theological and philosophical dimensions of the doctrine of creation and from there highlights the various philosophical shifts of outlook that helped usher in modern naturalism and its notions of nature. We will investigate the metaphysics behind the fact/value dichotomy, various environmental ethical frameworks, the case for the moral status of non-human animals and abiotic entities, the evolution of the ecological crisis, the conceptual substructures of some popular contemporary environmental frameworks, and some of the agendas of response to our current ecological crisis

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): Second-year status or instructor's consent
NB: PHIL/GENV 221 and PHIL/GENV 331 may not both be taken for credit.
Cross-listed: PHIL 331
2026-2027 GENV 332

Geography of Western Canada

This course provides an overview of the physical and human geography that shapes and defines the Prairie provinces and British Columbia. The course focuses on selected cultural and environmental factors in understanding the spatial variation in population patterns and economic activity. Emphasis is also placed on the role of regional literature and painting in the formation of regional images.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): 6 sem. hrs. of Geography & Environment including one of GENV 111, 131, 212, 230; or instructor's consent
NB: Offered every other year.
2026-2027 GENV 341

Resource & Environmental Management

An introduction to key concepts and issues in natural resources management. The course examines major resource-based industries, including agriculture, fishing, forestry, mining, energy, and recreation. It also emphasizes understanding the varied influences that environmental, socio-economic, and political factors have on the spatial distribution of resource utilization and resource management.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): 6 sem. hrs. of Geography & Environment including one of GENV 111, 131, 212, 230; or instructor's consent
NB: Offered every other year.
2026-2027 GENV 343

Geography of the Pacific Rim

This course examines the physical and human geography of the Pacific Rim. It gives particular attention to regional distribution of natural features and resources, population and settlements, economic activities and development, as well as globalization and its impact on this region. The Pacific Rim is a geographic realm that has changed dramatically since the middle of the twentieth century, therefore, this course explores the dynamic issues, problems, and challenges facing contemporary Pacific Rim countries, how the issues are being addressed, and the future prospects for the people and countries within this region.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): 6 sem. hrs. of Geography & Environment including one of GENV 111, 131, 212, 230; or instructor's consent
NB: Offered every other year. Fulfils area studies requirements for International Studies major/honours.
2026-2027 GENV 344

Geography of Africa

This course examines the human and physical geography of Africa. Attention is given to the regional distribution of natural features and resources, population and settlements, economic activities and development, and globalization and its impact on this vast continent. Because Africa is a geographic realm that has changed dramatically since the middle of the twentieth century, this course explores the dynamic issues, problems, and challenges facing contemporary African societies, how the issues are being addressed, and the future prospects for the people and countries within this geographic region

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): Third-year standing, or instructor's consent
NB: Offered every other year. Fulfils area studies requirements for International Studies major/honours.
2026-2027 GENV 354

Geography of the World Economy

This course introduces students to the globalization of the world economy. It provides theoretical and practical foundation for exploring the global economy in an era of technological advancements, restructuring economies, and geopolitical realignments. It focuses on economic development of developed and developing countries of the world, and examine the impacts and critical problems associated with economic growth, development, and distribution and how to address the problems.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): 6 sem. hrs. of Geography & Environment including one of GENV 111, 131, 212, or 230; or third-year standing in Economics/Business, or instructor's consent
NB: Offered every other year.
Cross-listed: ECON 354
2026-2027 GENV 355

Geography of Urban Areas

This course focuses on the origin, physical environment, and structure of urban settlements; the growth and processes of urbanization; and the impact of globalization on urban centres. It investigates societal issues common to urban environments including; poverty, homelessness, substance abuse, criminality, environmental degradation and deterioration of the built environment. It also provides an overview of urban renewal and planning processes.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): 6 sem. hrs. of Geography & Environment including one of GENV 111, 131, 212, or 230; or third-year standing, or instructor's consent
NB: Offered every other year.
2026-2027 GENV 356

Urban & Regional Planning

This course provides a comprehensive introduction to the principles, problems, and techniques of urban, suburban, rural, and regional land use planning. It focuses on the elements and make-up of the comprehensive plan, the politics of planning, and the assessment of economic, social and environmental plans.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): Third-year standing or instructor's consent
NB: Offered every other year.
2026-2027 GENV 357

Environmental Economics & Policy

This course introduces the main concepts in environmental economics and applies them to public policy analysis. Students will learn about markets, prices and the role of information in the economy, and will then learn about market failures that specifically affect the environment. The second half of the course introduces the key techniques in public policy analysis (an inherently interdisciplinary undertaking), including the process of developing, implementing, and assessing public policy.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): Third-year standing or instructor's consent
Cross-listed: ECON 357
2026-2027 GENV 362

Marine Ecology

A study of the ecological relationships of marine life in several major habitat types. Emphasis is on productivity, food webs, nutrient cycling, and community ecology. Ecosystem parameters are investigated through field and laboratory studies. Part of coursework takes place in the Lower Mainland, Gulf Islands, and/or Vancouver Island.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): Advanced standing in Biology and instructor's consent. Recommended: BIOL 308 and/or 360
NB: Summer sessions only. Not offered every year. See department chair.
Cross-listed: BIOL 362
2026-2027 GENV 364

Coral Reef Ecology

A field course focusing on the systematics and ecology of tropical coral reef organisms. Plants, animals, and physical factors of a fringing coral reef are examined through snorkeling excursions and laboratory studies. One species is chosen for a detailed research project. Includes field course work in Hawaii.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): Advanced standing in Biology and instructor's consent. Recommended: BIOL 262, 308, 360 and/or 382
NB: Summer sessions only. Not offered every year. See department chair.
Cross-listed: BIOL 364
2026-2027 GENV 372

Field Placement/Practicum

This field placement course gives students an opportunity to apply the knowledge and skills acquired in the classroom to a real-world work environment. The course is an efficient way to hone students’ practical skills in spatial information science (SIS) and analysis within the realms of geography, environmental science, and/or geographic information systems (GIS) helping them gain valuable work experience by learning new skills, gaining new perspectives in integrating SIS, exploring the SIS work environment, and networking with the experts in this field. This practicum is offered as a tripartite arrangement that includes: the student, the University’s course instructor/program coordinator, and the approved practicum supervisor in a reputable government department, business, or non-profit/non-governmental organization.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): Third-year standing with a minimum of 9 sem. hrs. of Geography & Environment including two of GENV 111, 121, 131, 212, 282 or instructor's consent
NB: Pass/Fail course. See department chair.
2026-2027 GENV 373

Field Placement/Practicum

This field placement course gives students an opportunity to apply the knowledge and skills acquired in the classroom to a real-world work environment. The course is an efficient way to hone students’ practical skills in spatial information science (SIS) and analysis within the realms of geography, environmental science, and/or geographic information systems (GIS) helping them gain valuable work experience by learning new skills, gaining new perspectives in integrating SIS, exploring the SIS work environment, and networking with the experts in this field. This practicum is offered as a tripartite arrangement that includes: the student, the University’s course instructor/program coordinator, and the approved practicum supervisor in a reputable government department, business, or non-profit/non-governmental organization.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): Third-year standing with a minimum of 9 sem. hrs. of Geography & Environment including two of GENV 111, 121, 131, 212, 282 or instructor's consent
NB: Pass/Fail course. See department chair.
2026-2027 GENV 374

Environmental Studies Field Placement

This field placement course gives students an opportunity to apply the knowledge and skills acquired in the classroom to a real-world work environment. The course is an efficient way to hone students’ practical skills in scientific and social scientific analysis within the realm of environmental science/studies helping them gain valuable work experience by learning new skills, gaining new perspectives in areas such as environmental assessment and ecological analyses, and networking with the experts in this field. This practicum is offered as a tripartite arrangement that includes the student, the University’s course instructor/program coordinator, and the approved practicum supervisor in a reputable government department, business, or non-profit/non-governmental organization.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): Third-year standing with a minimum of 9 sem. hrs. towards an GENV degree including two of BIOL 113, CHEM 101 or 111; GENV 121 and 131; or instructor's consent
2026-2027 GENV 375

Environmental Studies Field Placement

This field placement course gives students an opportunity to apply the knowledge and skills acquired in the classroom to a real-world work environment. The course is an efficient way to hone students’ practical skills in scientific and social scientific analysis within the realm of environmental science/studies helping them gain valuable work experience by learning new skills, gaining new perspectives in areas such as environmental assessment and ecological analyses, and networking with the experts in this field. This practicum is offered as a tripartite arrangement that includes the student, the University’s course instructor/program coordinator, and the approved practicum supervisor in a reputable government department, business, or non-profit/non-governmental organization.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): Third-year standing with a minimum of 9 sem. hrs. towards an GENV degree including two of BIOL 113, CHEM 101 or 111; GENV 121 and 131; or instructor's consent
2026-2027 GENV 382

Applied Geographic Information Systems

This course focuses on the utility of Geographic Information Systems in problem solving and decision-making in real world settings. Students are expected to complete a major term project in consultation with the instructor.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): 6 sem. hrs. of Geography & Environment including GENV 282, or instructor's consent
NB: Offered every other year.
2026-2027 GENV 383

Geographic Data Analysis

Geography is an integrative spatial science that attempts to explain and predict the spatial distributions and variation of human activity and physical features on the Earth's surface. Geographers and Environmental scientists greatly benefit from the use of quantitative and computational analyses to help answer where, why and what-to-do questions. Geographers might explore such questions as: what type of municipal transportation policy might best achieve more equitable access for urban residents to city services and facilities? Environmental scientists might ask: what sort of land use decisions are required to balance sustainable economic development with protection of wetlands in a fragile ecosystem? Students are invited into understanding and using statistical analysis as a means to develop a quantitative and computational inquiry.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): 6 sem. hrs. of Geography & Environment
NB: Offered every other year.
2026-2027 GENV 391

Directed Studies in Geography & Environment

In special cases, with the instructor's consent, students may pursue an independent but guided reading and research course in a specialized area of geography of interest to students.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): 6 sem. hrs. of Geography & Environment, and instructor's consent. See Geography and Environment coordinator.
2026-2027 GENV 392

Directed Studies in Geography & Environment

In special cases, with the instructor's consent, students may pursue an independent but guided reading and research course in a specialized area of geography of interest to students.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): 6 sem. hrs. of Geography & Environment, and instructor's consent. See Geography & Environment coordinator.
2026-2027 GENV 395

Central America Field Study

This experiential and interdisciplinary course fosters interaction with diverse physical and human environments. It provides exposure to the region's history, religions, politics, and socio- economic realities that shape the communication and cultures of Central America, and introduces students to cross-cultural communication.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): Third-year standing or instructor's consent
Cross-listed: MCOM 395
2026-2027 GENV 396

East Africa Field Study

This experiential and interdisciplinary course fosters interaction with diverse physical and human environments. It provides exposure to the region's history, religions, politics, and socio- economic realities that shape the communication and cultures of East Africa and introduces students to cross-cultural communication.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): Third-year standing or instructor's consent
Cross-listed: MCOM 396
2026-2027 GENV 400

Special Topics in Geography & Environment

A study of special topics or issues in geography and environment that are not considered in-depth in other courses.

Course Credits: 3
NB: Not offered every year. See geography and environment coordinator.
2026-2027 GENV 409

Thesis Preparation

Students are required to choose a topic for their senior thesis (GENV 410) in consultation with an instructor. Selected readings and references pertinent to the topic are assigned. A final written and oral report is presented consisting of a detailed thesis proposal and a literature review. Students are advised to start in their third year to allow observations over a full calendar year.

Course Credits: 1
Prerequisite(s): Advanced standing in Geography & Environment studies or instructor's consent
2026-2027 GENV 410

Senior Thesis

Research in a chosen area of environmental studies with a final written report. Presentation of research findings are also made by the student in a seminar.

Course Credits: 2
Prerequisite(s): GENV 409, a related directed study in preparation or instructor's consent
NB: Normally 2 sem. hrs. are assigned unless arrangements are made with the department chair.
2026-2027 GENV 411

Rural Development

The course is designed to introduce students to the broad concept of rural development, to the relationship between rural communities and their environments, and to the critical issues of rural restructuring and sustainability. This course examines the theoretical underpinnings, principles, and practices of rural development as well as the problems and challenges facing rural communities in both developed and developing countries. It is expected that, by the end of the course, students gain and/or broaden their knowledge of contemporary domestic and international rural development processes, practices, and issues.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): 6 sem. hrs. of Geography & Environment, third- or fourth-year standing, or instructor's consent
NB: Offered every other year.
2026-2027 GENV 412

Senior Thesis

Research in a chosen area of environmental studies with a final written report. Students present research findings in a seminar. Allows students with larger projects to gain extra credit.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): GENV 409, a related directed study in preparation or instructor's consent
NB: Normally 3 sem. hrs. are assigned unless arrangements are made with the department chair.