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Year Course ID Course
2026-2027 BIOL 433

The Human Microbiome

This course will focus on the human microbiome and the complex symbiotic relationships, exploring the impacts of those host-microbe interactions on physical and mental health. The course will also examine the current research tools and emerging applications within the field.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): BIOL 333 or 334
2026-2027 BIOL 438

Virology

This course provides a basic understanding of some of the current topics in modern virology including the structure, classification, and replication of viruses, virus-cell interactions, diagnostic and research applications in virology, and the molecular biology of several important viruses causing disease in humans and animals. Special emphasis is given to viral pathogenesis making this course suitable for those pursuing careers in medicine or related fields.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): BIOL 333, and BIOL 372 or 386
NB: Not offered every year. See department chair.
2026-2027 BIOL 440

Developmental Neurobiology

A study of the development of the nervous system in humans and invertebrate and vertebrate model organisms. Topics covered include neurogenesis, the development and cell biology of neurons and glia, developmental genetics, and nervous system defects arising from abnormal development.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): BIOL 371, and BIOL 372 or 386
NB: Not offered every year. See department chair.
2026-2027 BIOL 470

Introduction to Bioinformatics

An overview of the interdisciplinary science of genomics, proteomics, and bioinformatics which applies the tools of information technology (computer hardware and software) to analyze biological data such as gene or protein sequences. This course examines the theory of bioinformatics as well as its practical application to biological problems using approaches such as BLAST searches, phylogenetics, and protein structure function analysis.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): BIOL 223; BIOL/CHEM 372; and either CMPT 140, MATH 102, or STAT 203.
NB: Not offered every year. See department chair.
Cross-listed: BIOT 470 or CMPT 470
2026-2027 BIOL 474

Genetics & Cell Biology of Neoplasia

A lecture course reviewing a wide range of topics related to cancer including the biology and immunology of tumor cells, chemical and viral carcinogenesis, oncogenes, genetic predisposition to cancer, and treatment strategies.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): BIOL 372 or 386
NB: Not offered every year. See department chair.
2026-2027 BIOL 475

Protein Structure & Function

An in-depth study on protein biochemistry, with a focus on the relationship between protein structure and its corresponding function on a molecular and organismal scale. This course will also cover recent developments in protein research, including the use of proteomics in systems biology and medicine, particularly drug development.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): BIOL 384 or 386
NB: Not offered every year. See department chair.
Cross-listed: CHEM 475
2026-2027 BIOL 484

Conservation Biology

An exploration of various practical applications of biology in environmental management, monitoring, and remediation. Topics include many important areas of concern such as wildlife management, fisheries, forestry, agriculture, water and air pollution, and protection of endangered ecosystems. Various biological approaches to these are considered, such as population modelling, ecophysiology, microbiology techniques, biomonitoring, ecosystem health, and biodiversity inventories. The implications of environmental ethics and the role of Christian environmental stewardship are discussed.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): BIOL/GENV 281; or BIOL 216 and 262; or instructor’s consent
Cross-listed: GENV 484
2026-2027 BIOL 490

Advanced Biotechnology

This capstone course in biotechnology considers the theoretical and practical aspects of implementing biotechnology, paying particular attention to current issues including: (1) technology transfer and commercialization; (2) patent protection in biotechnology; (3) Good Laboratory Practices (GLP); (4) Good Manufacturing Practices (Food and Drug Regulations, 2002 edition); (5) Good Clinical Practices (GCP); (6) Research Ethics Board guidelines; (7) validation studies; (8) downstream processing and the recovery of purified products; (9) novel developments in methodology. The course includes a seminar series by industry and regulatory experts and site visits to local biotechnology companies to assess how they have implemented and overcome obstacles to production and quality control.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): BIOL 290
Cross-listed: BIOT 490
2026-2027 BIOT 200

Biotechnology Practica II

Biotechnology Practica II-IV provide general and advanced intern experiences in industrial settings. BIOT 200 (2 sem. hrs.) is a requirement for entry to co-op placements and graduation. BIOT 300 and 400 (3 sem. hrs. each) are additional intern experiences providing exposure to advanced techniques and applications in biotechnology. The skills taught in each practicum vary depending on the industrial setting, but should include some of the following techniques: mammalian tissue culture; monoclonal antibody production including cell fusion; hybridoma screening by ELISA and immunoblotting; fermentation microbiology and the operation of large-scale fermentation systems; insect cell culture and use of Baculovirus expression vectors to produce recombinant proteins; downstream processing and the recovery and purification of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids; freezing, freeze-drying and preservation of microorganisms, animal viruses, cell lines and hybridomas; high throughput screening strategies, diagnostic testing; methods in bioinformatics; and quality control procedures.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): BIOL 113, 114
Cross-listed: BIOL 200, 300
2026-2027 BIOT 290

Introduction to Biotechnology

This course reviews the role of modern biotechnology in plant, animal, and marine biology, microbiology, agriculture, the pharmaceutical industry and medicine. The course focuses on underlying technologies in biotechnology, how these technologies are implemented, together with public concerns and government guidelines and legislation.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): BIOL 103, 104, and 105 or BIOL 113, 114
Cross-listed: BIOL 290
2026-2027 BIOT 300

Biotechnology Practica III

Biotechnology Practica provides general and advanced intern experiences in industrial settings. BIOL 300 (3 sem. hrs.) is additional intern experience providing exposure to advanced techniques and applications in biotechnology. The skills taught in each practicum vary depending on the industrial setting, but should include some of the following techniques: mammalian tissue culture; monoclonal antibody production including cell fusion; hybridoma screening by ELISA and immunoblotting; fermentation microbiology and the operation of large-scale fermentation systems; insect cell culture and use of Baculovirus expression vectors to produce recombinant proteins; downstream processing and the recovery and purification of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids; freezing, freeze-drying and preservation of microorganisms, animal viruses, cell lines and hybridomas; high throughput screening strategies, diagnostic testing; methods in bioinformatics; and quality control procedures.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): BIOT 200
Cross-listed: BIOL 300
2026-2027 BIOT 390

Biotechnology & Christian Theology

This course is designed to untangle some of the actual or perceived dissonance between issues of biological science and Christian theology. Six major topics are addressed: (1) models, analogies and metaphors in science and Christian theology; (2) scientific and religious investigations of the biosphere; (3) defining human nature; (4) defining non-human nature; (5) caring for the earth; and (6) the biomedical revolution. The common threads among these topics are the tension between Christian faith and the findings of basic and applied biology (biotechnology), and the call to action required in a faith-based view of creation. As well as speaking from their own disciplines and background, the course instructors take part in panel discussions at the end of each of the six units to foster discussion and dialogue on the issues. Student participation is further encouraged by group projects in which the group must develop and dissonance between scientific and religious worldview perspectives.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): BIOL 103, 104, and 105 or BIOL 113, 114; third-year standing
NB: Not offered every year. See department chair.
Cross-listed: BIOL 390
2026-2027 BIOT 400

Biotechnology Practica IV

Biotechnology Practica II-IV provide general and advanced intern experiences in industrial settings. BIOT 200 (2 sem. hrs.) is a requirement for entry to co-op placements and graduation. BIOT 300 and 400 (3 sem. hrs. each) are additional intern experiences providing exposure to advanced techniques and applications in biotechnology. The skills taught in each practicum vary depending on the industrial setting, but should include some of the following techniques: mammalian tissue culture; monoclonal antibody production including cell fusion; hybridoma screening by ELISA and immunoblotting; fermentation microbiology and the operation of large-scale fermentation systems; insect cell culture and use of Baculovirus expression vectors to produce recombinant proteins; downstream processing and the recovery and purification of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids; freezing, freeze-drying and preservation of microorganisms, animal viruses, cell lines and hybridomas; high throughput screening strategies, diagnostic testing; methods in bioinformatics; and quality control procedures.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): BIOT 200
Cross-listed: BIOL 200, 300
2026-2027 BIOT 409

Thesis Preparation

Students will be required to choose a topic for their senior thesis (BIOL 409-410/GENV 409- 410) in consultation with an instructor. Selected readings and references pertinent to the topic will be assigned. A final written report will be presented consisting of a detailed thesis proposal and a review of the literature.

Course Credits: 1
Prerequisite(s): Advanced standing in Biotechnology
Cross-listed: BIOL 409
2026-2027 BIOT 410

Senior Thesis

Research in a chosen area of biology or environmental studies with a final written report. Presentation of research findings will also be made by the student in a poster session.

Course Credits: 2
Prerequisite(s): BIOL 409, a related directed study in preparation, or instructor's consent
Cross-listed: BIOL 410
2026-2027 BIOT 470

Introduction to Bioinformatics

An overview of the interdisciplinary science of genomics, proteomics, and bioinformatics which applies the tools of information technology (computer hardware and software) to analyze biological data such as gene or protein sequences. This course examines the theory of bioinformatics as well as its practical application to biological problems using approaches such as BLAST searches, phylogenetics, and protein structure function analysis.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): BIOL 223; BIOL/CHEM 372; and either CMPT 140, MATH 102, or STAT 203.
NB: Not offered every year. See department chair.
Cross-listed: BIOL 470 or CMPT 470
2026-2027 BIOT 490

Advanced Biotechnology

This capstone course in biotechnology considers the theoretical and practical aspects of implementing biotechnology, paying particular attention to current issues including: (1) technology transfer and commercialization; (2) patent protection in biotechnology; (3) Good Laboratory Practices (GLP); (4) Good Manufacturing Practices (Food and Drug Regulations, 2002 edition); (5) Good Clinical Practices (GCP); (6) Research Ethics Board guidelines; (7) validation studies; (8) downstream processing and the recovery of purified products; (9) novel developments in methodology. The course includes a seminar series by industry and regulatory experts and site visits to local biotechnology companies to assess how they have implemented and overcome obstacles to production and quality control.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): BIOT 290
Cross-listed: BIOL 490
2026-2027 BNT 501

Introductory Biblical Greek I

Introduces New Testament Greek, focusing on phonology, morphology, grammar, and high-frequency vocabulary, with attention to accurate reading and the use of Greek as a foundational tool for interpreting the New Testament.

Course Credits: 3
2026-2027 BNT 502

Introductory Biblical Greek II

Continues the study of introductory New Testament Greek with further investigation of morphology, grammar, and high-frequency vocabulary, emphasizing reading competence and the use of Greek for interpreting the New Testament.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): BNT 501
2026-2027 BNT 510

Topics: NT Texts

Focused study of a specific New Testament book or corpus using a contemporary translation. Emphasizes literary structure, theological themes, historical context, and contemporary application. Course focus varies by semester. Repeatable for credit with different focus.

Course Credits: 3
2026-2027 BNT 520

Exposition: Gospels & Acts

Provides an exegetical and theological study of Matthew through Acts via close reading of the Bible in contemporary translation. The course examines historical, cultural, and literary contexts, major narrative structures, and central theological themes shaping early Christian proclamation and practice. Emphasis is placed on responsible interpretation, synthesis of biblical theology, and application for Christian life and ministry.

Course Credits: 3
2026-2027 BNT 540

Topics: NT Theology

In-depth theological study of a major theme (or closely related group of themes) traced across the New Testament. Students engage biblical texts in contemporary translations, evaluate scholarly perspectives, and develop coherent theological reflection attentive to canonical shape and contemporary contexts.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): BIB 505
2026-2027 BNT 555

New Testament Epistles 

Provides an exegetical and theological study of Romans through Revelation via close reading of the Bible in contemporary translation. The course examines historical, cultural, and literary contexts, major theological arguments, and the development of early Christian doctrine and practice. Emphasis is placed on responsible interpretation, theological synthesis, and application for Christian life and ministry.

Course Credits: 3
2026-2027 BNT 601

Greek Exegesis

Builds on prior New Testament Greek study through close reading of selected texts, emphasizing syntax, discourse, semantics, textual criticism, phrasing diagrams, and exegetical method. Students apply intermediate syntactical and lexical analysis to extended Greek passages and develop competence in moving from detailed textual observation to theological synthesis and responsible interpretation for teaching, preaching, or scholarly work.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): BNT 502
2026-2027 BNT 620

Advanced Exposition: Synoptic & Acts

Examines the Synoptic Gospels and Acts through advanced exegetical, literary, historical, and theological analysis. Develops interpretive competence in narrative and redaction criticism through engagement with selected Greek texts. Explores the distinctive theological purposes of the Synoptic Gospels and Acts and their contribution to early Christian proclamation. Integrates close textual analysis with theological synthesis and reflective application appropriate to graduate-level biblical study and ministry contexts.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): BNT 601
2026-2027 BNT 655

Advanced Exp.: Pauline Ep. & Hebrews

Examines the Pauline Epistles and Hebrews with focused attention to exegetical and theological interpretation of selected Greek texts. Explores the life, mission, and theology of the Apostle Paul. Analyzes the historical, literary, and theological dimensions of the letters and Hebrews in their relationship to apostolic history and the the life and mission of the early church. Emphasizes the development of disciplined interpretive skills for scholarly study, teaching, preaching, and ministry contexts, and integrates exegetical analysis with theological reflection and spiritual formation.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): BNT 601
2026-2027 BNT 681

Advanced Exposition: Johannine Literature & General Epistles

Examines the Gospel of John, Revelation, and the seven General Epistles with attention to their literary forms, historical settings, and theological emphases. Evaluates differences between the Fourth Gospel and the Synoptics. Students develop advanced exegetical skills through sustained engagement with the Greek text, comparison with other New Testament writings, and analysis of key interpretive issues. The course emphasizes responsible interpretation for teaching, preaching, and scholarly research, and considers the significance of this set of literature for Christian theology, discipleship, and mission.

Course Credits: 3
2026-2027 BNT 800

Topics in New Testament

Provides an opportunity for students to engage critically with emerging issues, debates, and developments within a specific academic discipline. Students will explore contemporary topics that shape the Church’s witness, theological reflection, and vocational practice in today’s world. Emphasis is placed on integrating biblical and theological perspectives with scholarly inquiry, fostering spiritual formation, and cultivating leadership rooted in humility and social responsibility.

Course Credits: 1
2026-2027 BNT 810

Topics: Advanced NT Texts

Advanced exegetical study of a selected New Testament book or corpus in the original language. Emphasizes grammatical-syntactical analysis, textual issues, theological interpretation, and contemporary significance. Course focus varies by semester. Repeatable for credit with different focus.

Course Credits:
Prerequisite(s): BNT 601 or doctoral standing.
2026-2027 BNT 840

Topics: Advanced NT Theology

Advanced theological study of a selected theme, doctrine, or theological trajectory within the New Testament. Emphasizes canonical development, historical interpretation, and constructive theological reflection. Course focus varies by semester. Repeatable for credit with different focus.

Course Credits:
Prerequisite(s): BNT 601 or doctoral standing.
2026-2027 BNT 850

Topics: Advanced NT Greek

Advanced study of New Testament Greek with emphasis on linguistic analysis, lexicography, and interpretive method beyond introductory exegesis. Students engage advanced grammatical, syntactical, and discourse features of the Greek New Testament while developing skills in lexical research and critical interaction with scholarly debates. Attention is given to the theological and interpretive implications of Hebrew language analysis. Specific textual focus may vary by offering. Repeatable for credit with different focus.

Course Credits:
Prerequisite(s): BNT 601 or doctoral standing.
2026-2027 BNT 880

New Testament Use of Old Testament

Examines key quotations and allusions across different biblical corpora to explore the relationship between the Old and New Testaments. Students focus on how later texts engage earlier ones, the interpretive methods they employ, and the hermeneutical assumptions that guide these interpretations. The course also connects these textual practices to broader questions in biblical and systematic theology, showing how Christians understand and teach Scripture as a unified canon.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): BNT 601 and BNT 620
2026-2027 BOT 501

Introductory Biblical Hebrew I

Introduces biblical Hebrew, focusing on morphology, phonology, syntax, and high-frequency vocabulary, with attention to accurate pronunciation, reading aloud, and the use of Hebrew as a foundational tool for interpreting the Old Testament.

Course Credits: 3
2026-2027 BOT 502

Introductory Biblical Hebrew II

Continues the study of introductory biblical Hebrew with further investigation of morphology, syntax, and weak verbs, emphasizing reading competence and the use of Hebrew for interpreting the Old Testament.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): BOT 501
2026-2027 BOT 510

Topics: OT Texts

Focused study of a specific Old Testament book or corpus using a contemporary translation. Emphasizes literary structure, theological themes, historical context, and contemporary application. Course focus varies by semester. Repeatable for credit with different focus.

Course Credits: 3
2026-2027 BOT 520

Exposition: Pentateuch & History

Introduces the content, structure, and theology of the Pentateuch and Old Testament Historical Books through close reading of the Bible in contemporary translation. Texts are situated within Israel’s historical development and the ancient Near Eastern context, emphasizing narrative flow, major theological themes, and canonical relationships. Attention is given to interpretive issues, historical background, and theological significance for Christian faith and ministry. Students trace God’s redemptive purposes through representative passages from Genesis through Esther and apply these writings to teaching, preaching, and contemporary Christian life.

Course Credits: 3
2026-2027 BOT 540

Topics: OT Theology

An in-depth theological study of a major theme (or closely related group of themes) traced across the Old Testament. Students engage biblical texts in contemporary translations, evaluate scholarly perspectives, and develop coherent theological reflection attentive to canonical shape and contemporary contexts.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): BIB 505
2026-2027 BOT 550

Exposition: Prophets & Poetry

Examines the message, theology, and literary forms of Old Testament prophetic and poetic books through close reading of the English Bible. Emphasizes historical context, Hebrew poetry in translation, wisdom traditions, and canonical theology in order to interpret prophetic proclamation and poetic expression for teaching and ministry.

Course Credits: 3
2026-2027 BOT 601

Hebrew Exegesis

Builds on prior biblical Hebrew study through close reading of selected Old Testament texts, emphasizing syntax, discourse, semantics, and literary structure. Students apply advanced grammatical and lexical analysis to extended Hebrew passages and develop exegetical competence through sustained engagement with prose and poetry. The course cultivates the ability to move from detailed textual observation to theological synthesis and responsible interpretation for teaching, preaching, or scholarly work.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): BOT 502
2026-2027 BOT 620

Advanced Exposition: Pentateuch

Develops advanced exegetical competence in the Pentateuch through sustained analysis of selected Hebrew narrative and legal texts. Engages literary, historical, theological, and methodological issues central to Genesis through Deuteronomy while refining skills in translation, textual analysis, and theological interpretation. Applies corpus-specific interpretive methods to complex passages and evaluates ongoing scholarly debates concerning authorship, composition, and theological coherence. Emphasizes responsible communication of the enduring significance of the Pentateuch for academic, ecclesial, and contemporary contexts.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): BOT 601
2026-2027 BOT 651

Advanced Exposition: Prophets

Develops advanced exegetical competence in the Hebrew text of the Former and Latter Prophets. Examines narrative and poetic genres, literary structures, historical contexts, and theological themes across prophetic literature. Applies established exegetical methods to selected texts from Joshua through Kings, Isaiah through Ezekiel, the Twelve, and Daniel, with attention to interpretive challenges and contemporary theological significance.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): BOT 601
2026-2027 BOT 655

Advanced Exposition: Wisdom Literature

Develops advanced exegetical competence in the Hebrew text of the wisdom and poetic books with emphasis on exegetical method and theological interpretation. Analyzes poetic structure, wisdom themes, and literary features in selected texts from Job, Psalms, Proverbs, Ecclesiastes, Song of Songs, and related writings, applying linguistic, historical, and literary tools for responsible exposition.

Course Credits: 3
2026-2027 BOT 800

Topics in Old Testament

Provides an opportunity for students to engage critically with emerging issues, debates, and developments within a specific academic discipline. Students will explore contemporary topics that shape the Church’s witness, theological reflection, and vocational practice in today’s world. Emphasis is placed on integrating biblical and theological perspectives with scholarly inquiry, fostering spiritual formation, and cultivating leadership rooted in humility and social responsibility.

Course Credits: 1
2026-2027 BOT 810

Topics: Advanced OT Texts

Advanced exegetical study of a selected Old Testament book or corpus in the original language. Emphasizes grammatical-syntactical analysis, textual issues, theological interpretation, and contemporary significance. Course focus varies by semester. Repeatable for credit with different focus.

Course Credits:
Prerequisite(s): BNT 601 or doctoral standing.
2026-2027 BOT 840

Topics: Advanced OT Theology

Advanced theological study of a selected theme, doctrine, or theological trajectory within the Old Testament. Emphasizes canonical development, historical interpretation, and constructive theological reflection. Course focus varies by semester. Repeatable for credit with different focus.

Course Credits:
Prerequisite(s): BNT 601 or doctoral standing.
2026-2027 BOT 850

Topics: Advanced OT Hebrew

Advanced study of Old Testament Hebrew with emphasis on linguistic analysis, lexicography, and interpretive method beyond introductory exegesis. Students engage advanced grammatical, syntactical, and discourse features of the Hebrew Old Testament while developing skills in lexical research and critical interaction with scholarly debates. Attention is given to the theological and interpretive implications of Hebrew language analysis. Specific textual focus may vary by offering. Repeatable for credit with different focus.

Course Credits:
Prerequisite(s): BNT 601 or doctoral standing.
2026-2027 BOT 860

Topics: Adv OT Cognates

Advanced study of a cognate language relevant to Old Testament scholarship with emphasis on linguistic analysis, philology, and interpretive method. Students engage primary texts in their original language, developing skills in grammar, lexicography, comparative Semitics, and historical-cultural contextualization. Attention is given to the relationship between the cognate language and Biblical Hebrew and to the theological and interpretive implications of comparative language study. Specific language and textual focus vary by offering. Repeatable for credit with different focus.

Course Credits:
Prerequisite(s): BNT 601 or doctoral standing.
2026-2027 BUSI 110

Business in the Global Market

An introduction to global business practices. A survey of governmental and corporate practices of major economic systems—Japan, Europe, Pacific Rim, Rhine countries, etc. Different cultural meanings of concepts such as globalization, world class, nimble organizations, empowerment, and teams are explored. The class provides the students with experiential as well as classroom learning to provide a better grasp of the differences in cultures and the adaptation of business concepts.

Course Credits: 3
Prerequisite(s): Instructor's consent
NB: Offered when available in summer with overseas travel component. Open to Business and non-Business majors.
Cross-listed: ECON 110
2026-2027 BUSI 111

Introduction to Business & Management

In this course, modern business is studied in its various aspects: economic and social setting, business classifications and financial requirements, business structure and functional areas, basic concepts and techniques, practices and responsibilities, and career opportunities in business.

Course Credits: 3
2026-2027 BUSI 121

Financial Accounting

Accounting fundamentals, techniques, principles, and concepts. Other topics include the complete accounting cycle, including adjusting and closing entries, the preparation and interpretation of simple financial statements, inventory treatments, capital assets, and partnership accounting. Students are also required to complete a computer based accounting lab.

Course Credits: 3