In this hybrid course, doctoral students will learn how various philosophic traditions inform nursing knowledge development, practice, and education. Nursing science, the disciplinary and interdisciplinary knowledges that form the foundation of nursing, is examined. Emphasis is on the process of philosophic inquiry and the ability to analyze systematically and logically the contemporary issues facing health services, the nursing profession, and nursing education. Philosophic foundations are laid from which students develop as scholars in their contribution to the nursing profession